Three links i used to find information on the history of the internet
The Time line of the internet:
1969-ARPA goes online in December connecting four major US universities. Designed for research, education, and government organizations it also provides military intelligence.
1972- Electronic mail is introduced by Ray Tomlinson, a Cambridge, Mass., computer scientist. He uses the @ to distinguish between the sender’s name and network name in the email address.
1973-Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol is designed and in 1983 it becomes the standard for communicating between computers over the Internet. One of these protocols, FTP (File Transfer Protocol), allows users to log onto a remote computer, list the files on that computer, and download files from that computer.
1976- Presidential candidate Jimmy Carter and running mate Walter Mondale use email to plan campaign events.Queen Elizabeth sends her first email. She’s the first state leader to use email.
1982-The word “Internet” is used for the very first time.
1984-Domain Name System (DNS) is established, with network addresses identified by extensions such .com, .org, and .edu.Writer William Gibson coins the term “cyberspace.”
1989- The World debuts as the first provider of dial-up Internet access for consumers.Tim Berners-Lee of CERN develops a new technique for distributing information on the Internet. He calls it the World Wide Web. The Web is based on hypertext, which permits the user to connect from one document to another at different sites on the Internet via hyperlinks (specially programmed words, phrases, buttons, or graphics). Unlike other Internet protocols, such as FTP and email, the Web is accessible through a graphical user interface.
1990- The first effort to index the Internet is created by Peter Deutsch at McGill University in Montreal, who devises Archie, an archive of FTP sites.
1996- Approximately 45 million people are using the Internet, with roughly 30 million of those in North America , 9 million in Europe, and 6 million in Asia/Pacific . 43.2 million U.S. households own a personal computer, and 14 million of them are online.
1998-Google opens its first office, in California.
1999-College student Shawn Fanning invents Napster, a computer application that allows users to swap music over the Internet.The number of Internet users worldwide reaches 150 million by the beginning of 1999. More than 50% are from the United States. “E-commerce” becomes the new buzzword as Internet shopping rapidly spreads.MySpace.com is launched.
2002 As of January, 58.5% of the U.S. population (164.14 million people) uses the Internet. Worldwide there are 544.2 million users.The death knell tolls for Napster after a bankruptcy judge ruled in September that German media giant Bertelsmann cannot buy the assets of troubled Napster Inc. The ruling prompts Konrad Hilbers, Napster CEO, to resign and lay off his staff.
2003-It’s estimated that Internet users illegally download about 2.6 billion music files each month.Spam, unsolicited email, becomes a server-clogging menace. It accounts for about half of all emails. In December, President Bush signs the Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography and Marketing Act of 2003 (CAN-SPAM Act), which is intended to help individuals and businesses control the amount of unsolicited email they receive.Apple Computer introduces Apple iTunes Music Store, which allows people to download songs for 99 cents each.Spam, unsolicited email, becomes a server-clogging menace. It accounts for about half of all emails.Apple Computer introduces Apple iTunes Music Store, which allows people to download songs for 99 cents each.
2005-YouTube.com is launched.
2006- There are more than 92 million websites online.
2008-In a move to challenge Google’s dominance of search and advertising on the Internet, software giant Microsoft offers to buy Yahoo for $44.6 billion.In a San Fransisco federal district court, Judge Jeffrey S. White orders the disabling of Wikileaks.org, a Web site that discloses confidential information. The case was brought by Julius Baer Bank and Trust, located in the Cayman Islands, after a disgruntled ex-employee allegedly provided Wikileaks with stolen documents that implicate the bank in asset hiding, money laundering, and tax evasion. Many web communities, who see the ruling as unconstitutional, publicized alternate addresses for the site and distributed bank documents through their own networks. In response, Judge White issues another order to stop the distribution of bank documents.Microsoft is fined $1.3 billion by the European Commission for further abusing its dominant market position, and failing to comply to their 2004 judgment, which ordered Microsoft to give competitors information necessary to operate with Windows. Since 2004, Microsoft has been fined a total of $2.5 billion by the Commission for not adhering to their ruling.
25 things to be familiar with:
1. ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency)- created in 1969 designed for research, education, government organizations and military usage
2. Electronic mail- introduced by Ray Tomlinson in 1972
3.Transmissions control protocol/internet protocol- 1973, becomes the standard for communicating between computers over the internet.
4. 1982- the word internet is used
5. 1984- Domain Name System (DNS) is established, with network addresses identified by extensions such as .com, .org, and .edu. Writer William Gibson coins the term “cyberspace.”
6. 1985- Quantum Computer Services, which later changes its name to America Online, debuts. It offers email, electronic bulletin boards, news, and other information.
7. 1989- the world debuts the first dial internet access for consumers
8. Peter Deutsch- in 1990 devises archive of FTP sites
9. Marc Andreeson- 1993 invented mosaic.
10. 1995- CompuServe, America Online, and Prodigy start providing dial-up Internet access.Sun Microsystems releases the Internet programming language called Java.Vatican launches its own website, www.vatican.va.
11. 1998- Google opens it’s first office
12. Shawn Fawning – 1999 invents napster
13. 2005- You tube.com is launched
14. 2006- more then 92 million websites online
15. Paul Baran- 1965 gets funding from Us air force to experiment with a block switching network to protect communications during an nuclear war.
16. Sputnik- first artificial earth satellite
17. J.C.R licklider- Galactic network concept encompassing distributed social interactions
18. Leonard- Kleinrock- first paper on packet switching (PS) therory
19. PS- network presented to the APRA
20. 1972- the APRA was renamed to the DAPRA
21. TC/IP- invented by Vinton Cerf and Bob Kahn
22. IAB internet activities board. 1983
23. InterNIC- 1993
24.CERN- released by World Wide web
25. 1994- first virtual cyber bank opens